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Human beings tend to be fascinated with their origin. Origin stories are found in cultures, religions, ethnicities and nationalities – and they are all deeply important. These stories tell people where they come from, how they fit in and how they all fit together.
One of the stories, obviously, is the history of human genes, and this is a story with everyone DNA Shares.
When scientists find more ancient human DNA, sample more modern DNA and develop more ways to analyze this genetic material.
After thousands and thousands of years of nearly constant migration, there are people who have never left the place where it was thought homo sapiens Evolved? In another way, is there someone on earth who is not an immigrant?
Related: Why have not all primates evolved to humans?
“From a scientific point of view, perhaps the only people you can consider not immigrants are some Khoe-san-speaking groups in South Africa“Said Austin Reynolds, an assistant professor of anthropology at Bayer University in Texas who specializes in human population genetics.
The designation Khoe-San (pronounced Cow-sawnReynolds tells life science. He refers to several African communities in the areas of Botswana, Namibia, Angola and South Africa that speak similar languages with distinction clicking consonants.
Reynolds said there are two main factors that indicate that Khoe-san groups may be non-migratory descendants of original humans: they live in the place where it is likely humans first appeared, and they have a high amount of genetic diversity . A good way to understand what high genetic diversity indicates original ancestry is by comparing genes to a dish from M&M, Reynolds said. Handfuls taken from the bowl – that is, people that are broken away from the original human population – may have only a few B&M colors in them, but the original bowl will have all the colors.
Despite the closeness of the Khoe-san groups to the proverbial “cradle of humanity” and their significant genetic diversity, the identity of them as the last genetically aboriginal peoples is not cut and dry.
Firstly, researchers do not know for sure that South Africa is the cradle of humanity. Some scientists think humans first evolved in East Africa, Reynolds said, and scientists do not have enough archaeological evidence in any area to be completely sure exactly where homo sapiens First came on the scene.
There is even a possibility that people evolved in West Africa, Mark Stoneking, a molecular geneticist at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany. Stoneking said that different environments do a worse or better job at preserving fossil remains, so just because human remains were or were not found in specific places, does not mean that humans did not live there long ago.
Stonking may not think that there are any people on earth who are – at least scientifically – immigrants.
“People have always been on the move,” Stonking said. His recent genetic research on populations across Asia has shown that there is a touch of almost everyone in everyone else. “All human populations have been in contact with others,” including the Khoe-san, he said, marked with evidence in their genes, their cultures and their languages.
First humans migrated across Africa more than 100,000 years before leaving, during which time they probably migrated from East Africa to the Middle East, Stonking said. Not long after, people headed southeast along the Indian coast, with many more waves of migrants following the original adventurers over a span of tens of thousands of years. In this way, stoneking would be a great exchange of DNA, and the two components – motion and intermixing – is what he sees as a defining characteristics of the human species.
“People – what they like to do is migrate, and they like to have sex,” Stonking said. And so it seems to be since immemorial.
Originally published on Live Science.
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