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Inkemiology is alive A paradigm shift With new therapies that are promising results in the treatment of the two types Leukemia Most common in adults: Chronic Lyophilic Leukemia (CLL) and Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), which accounted for 60% of all liquids diagnosed in Argentina. These developments were presented this week at the American Society of Hematology (ASH), held in San Diego, United States, where they could see the results that are getting patients who get Median rates of survival so far never seen For certain groups of patients.
About the LLC in the Congress, the Advancement of Phase 3 of the Murano study, which tests the combination of the drugs Venetoclax and RituxIMAB for patients relapsed with the type of leukemia, were presented. An universe of 389 patients from 20 countries participates in the work. Of the 130 patients who have a complete rate of treatment and then interrupted it, The review of the rate of remittance at 6 and 12 months is 92 and 87%, respectively. The three-year global survival – which are the new results obtained at the phase of the study- It was 87.9%, According to the full president, made by the leader of the study, John Seymour, Director of Oncology Medicine at the Peter MacCallum Center in Australia.
"This is a good news for patients and for the medical community, because it has been a new drug for a long time, and the results have been limited and with many negative events. Change of medication intravenous medication, Which has changed the face of the disease, because it is also given for a limited time, and then it is interrupted, "he explained. Clarin Alisha Enrico, doctor at the Hospital de Italiano de La Plata and coordinator of the research area.
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The new therapy is two years of oral treatment, combined with the other intravenous drug for less time. "Once suspended, the patients can be in a remiss without taking medication and staying. It is absolutely inevitable. They are under follow-up for 36 months and 87% of patients with very good results, "adds Enrico.
In Argentina, the two drugs (Venetoclax and RituxIMAB) have been approved as monotherapy. Now Anmath is in the final stages of approval for approval in the coming months for combined use.
Cll is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. It is characterized by the accelerated generation of abnormal white blood cells. The cells, when they fulfill their functions, are in charge of fighting infections. It represents 30% of the cases of leukemia in adults. It usually appears in patients older than 70 years and is twice as common in men than in women. Of the total LLC, it is estimated that 30% of diagnoses will require immediate treatment, another 30% will require it at some point in their lives, but initially the patient is followed by an advance of the disease and then it should be treated . And the remaining percent will never require treatment.
As for acute myeloid leukemia, there is another type of blood cancer, one of the most aggressive because it is rapidly developing and uncontrolled. It mainly affects primitive or immature cells, which accumulate in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. The cells can not fulfill their functions and The development of the disease is accelerated. In general, patients diagnosed with the type of leukemia are those who have Worse prognosis And about 40% of them who are not suitable for chemotherapy due to combability or advanced age – have poor treatment options, so the survival rate is used for 6 months. It usually occurs at age older than 45 years, and the middle age of diagnosis is 68 years.
In the ASH Congress, two studies were presented in which Venetoclax combined with two types of drugs, which are used in this group of patients, are not suitable for intensive chemotherapy: two hypometilators and sitarabine. The first two studies, using Venetoclax with Hypomethylation agents, are conducted by researcher Daniel Pollucha of the University of Colorado, Denver, USA. The second, led by Andrew Wei of the Alfred Hospital and Monash University in Melbourne, Australia, combined venetoclocks with low doses of sitarabine. In both studies, they achieved High refinement rates (Around 60%) and A median survival of 17 months, Which represents an important way for patients who have no effective treatment. The combinations have been approved a few weeks ago by the FDA, so it is possible that this new therapy can reach Argentina at a time of about one year.
"The patients who can benefit from this new treatment are those who, because of age or comorbidity, can not get intensive chemotherapy, because the same chemo can cause death." For those who have very poor therapeutic options, it was the drugs, hypomethilizing agents and sitarabine in low doses, but with a six-month survival, "he explained. Clarin Dr. Hernan Dick, an English-language consultant from the University of La Plata, who visits the University of La Plata, "The study by combining each of them with Venetoclax, has spectacular results, 70% of total and medium length responses from 16 or 17 months, Added the doctor of the Guardian de la Plata.
It is estimated that some are diagnosed in Argentina 2,300 new cases of leukemia per year, According to data from the National Cancer Institute.
San Diego (United States). Special envoy.
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